這篇文章主要介紹了postgresql中的幾個(gè)timeout參數(shù)用法說明，具有很好的參考價(jià)值，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。一起跟隨小編過來看看吧。
今天整理了下 postgresql 幾個(gè) timeout 參數(shù)
select version();
version
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PostgreSQL 10.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-18), 64-bit
(1 row)
select *
from pg_settings ps
where 1=1
and ps.name like '%timeout%'
;
name | setting | unit | category | short_desc | extra_desc | context | vartype | source | min_val | max_val | enumvals | boot_val | reset_val | sourcefile | sourceline | pending_restart
-------------------------------------+---------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------+-----------+---------+---------+---------+------------+----------+----------+-----------+------------+------------+-----------------
archive_timeout | 0 | s | Write-Ahead Log / Archiving | Forces a switch to the next WAL file if a new file has not been started within N seconds. | | sighup | integer | default | 0 | 1073741823 | | 0 | 0 | | | f
authentication_timeout | 60 | s | Connections and Authentication / Security and Authentication | Sets the maximum allowed time to complete client authentication. | | sighup | integer | default | 1 | 600 | | 60 | 60 | | | f
checkpoint_timeout | 300 | s | Write-Ahead Log / Checkpoints | Sets the maximum time between automatic WAL checkpoints. | | sighup | integer | default | 30 | 86400 | | 300 | 300 | | | f
deadlock_timeout | 1000 | ms | Lock Management | Sets the time to wait on a lock before checking for deadlock. | | superuser | integer | default | 1 | 2147483647 | | 1000 | 1000 | | | f
idle_in_transaction_session_timeout | 0 | ms | Client Connection Defaults / Statement Behavior | Sets the maximum allowed duration of any idling transaction. | A value of 0 turns off the timeout. | user | integer | default | 0 | 2147483647 | | 0 | 0 | | | f
lock_timeout | 0 | ms | Client Connection Defaults / Statement Behavior | Sets the maximum allowed duration of any wait for a lock. | A value of 0 turns off the timeout. | user | integer | default | 0 | 2147483647 | | 0 | 0 | | | f
statement_timeout | 0 | ms | Client Connection Defaults / Statement Behavior | Sets the maximum allowed duration of any statement. | A value of 0 turns off the timeout. | user | integer | default | 0 | 2147483647 | | 0 | 0 | | | f
wal_receiver_timeout | 60000 | ms | Replication / Standby Servers | Sets the maximum wait time to receive data from the primary. | | sighup | integer | default | 0 | 2147483647 | | 60000 | 60000 | | | f
wal_sender_timeout | 60000 | ms | Replication / Sending Servers | Sets the maximum time to wait for WAL replication. | | sighup | integer | default | 0 | 2147483647 | | 60000 | 60000 | | | f
(9 rows)
下面簡(jiǎn)單介紹下這幾個(gè)參數(shù)
archive_timeout控制服務(wù)器周期性地切換到一個(gè)新的 WAL 段文件，通俗的講，就是定時(shí)歸檔。
authentication_timeout完成服務(wù)器認(rèn)證的最長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，如果在這個(gè)時(shí)間內(nèi)沒有完成認(rèn)證，服務(wù)器將關(guān)閉連接。
checkpoint_timeout自動(dòng) WAL 檢查點(diǎn)之間的最長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，增大這個(gè)參數(shù)會(huì)使數(shù)據(jù)庫崩潰后恢復(fù)的時(shí)間加長(zhǎng)。
deadlock_timeout進(jìn)行死鎖檢測(cè)之前在一個(gè)鎖上等待的總時(shí)間
idle_in_transaction_session_timeout空閑事務(wù)超時(shí)。終止任何已經(jīng)閑置超過這個(gè)參數(shù)所指定的時(shí)間（以毫秒計(jì)）的打開事務(wù)的會(huì)話。 這使得該會(huì)話所持有的任何鎖被釋放，并且其所持有的連接槽可以被重用， 它也允許只對(duì)這個(gè)事務(wù)可見的元組被清理。
lock_timeout鎖等待超時(shí)。語句在試圖獲取表、索引、行或其他數(shù)據(jù)庫對(duì)象上的鎖時(shí)等到超過指定的毫秒數(shù)，該語句將被中止。不推薦在postgresql.conf中設(shè)置。
statement_timeout控制語句執(zhí)行時(shí)長(zhǎng)，單位是ms。超過設(shè)定值，該語句將被中止。
不推薦在postgresql.conf中設(shè)置，如非要設(shè)置，應(yīng)該設(shè)置一個(gè)較大值。
wal_receiver_timeout中止處于非活動(dòng)狀態(tài)超過指定毫秒數(shù)的復(fù)制鏈接。這對(duì)于正在接收的后備服務(wù)器檢測(cè)主服務(wù)器崩潰或網(wǎng)絡(luò)斷開有用。設(shè)置為0會(huì)禁用超時(shí)機(jī)制。這個(gè)參數(shù)只能在postgresql.conf文件中或在服務(wù)器命令行上設(shè)置。默認(rèn)值是 60 秒。
wal_sender_timeout中斷那些停止活動(dòng)超過指定毫秒數(shù)的復(fù)制連接。這對(duì)發(fā)送服務(wù)器檢測(cè)一個(gè)后備機(jī)崩潰或網(wǎng)絡(luò)中斷有用。設(shè)置為0將禁用該超時(shí)機(jī)制。這個(gè)參數(shù)只能在postgresql.conf文件中或在服務(wù)器命令行上設(shè)置。默認(rèn)值是 60 秒。
補(bǔ)充：Postgresql數(shù)據(jù)庫修改deadlock_timeout參數(shù)
某產(chǎn)品線提出要將Postgresql測(cè)試庫中 deadlock_timeout 參數(shù) 修改為1s
該庫平時(shí)不在自己手中維護(hù)，故實(shí)際操作步驟如下
（1）確定數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝所屬用戶
查看下都有哪些賬戶，可能是postgresql使用的
bash-4.1$ cd /home
bash-4.1$ ls
aquota.user enterprisedb lost+found prouser puppet
（2）確定數(shù)據(jù)庫安裝路徑：
bash-4.1$ ps -ef | grep post 查看服務(wù)進(jìn)程，找到應(yīng)用安裝目錄 /opt/app/PostgresPlus/9.2AS/
1500 1891 1 0 2018 ? 01:01:47 /opt/app/PostgresPlus/9.2AS/bin/edb-postgres -D /DATA/data_utl
（3）切換到 enterprisedb 用戶，并登陸數(shù)據(jù)庫
bash-4.1$ su - enterprisedb
bash-4.1$ psql -U enterprisedb
psql (9.2.14.31)
Type “help” for help.
查看當(dāng)前該參數(shù)配置 3s
edb=# show deadlock_timeout;
deadlock_timeout
3s(1 row)
（4）查看該參數(shù)
1pending_restart —boolean— true if the value has been changed in the configuration file but needs a restart; or false otherwise.
即該參數(shù)為實(shí)時(shí)生效型參數(shù)
（5）嘗試使用
1test=# alter system set deadlock_timeout=‘1s';
報(bào)錯(cuò)如下：
ERROR: syntax error at or near “system”LINE 1:
alter system set deadlock_timeout=‘1s';
查詢到解釋：
alter system 命令 只對(duì) 9.4以后的版本 的版本有效，
（6）嘗試執(zhí)行
1set deadlock_timeout=‘1s'
edb=# show deadlock_timeout;
顯示為1s
但是其余用戶登錄路，發(fā)現(xiàn)該參數(shù)依然為 3s
----即該方法為session級(jí)別設(shè)置，類似于oracle的alter session set
（7） 嘗試修改 pg配置文件，進(jìn)入/DATA/data_utl 路徑修改
bash-4.1$ pwd
/DATA/data_utl
bash-4.1$ ls
base pgbin pg_ident.conf pg_notify pg_stat_tmp pg_twophase postgresql.conf postmaster.opts
dbms_pipe pg_clog pg_log pg_serial pg_subtrans PG_VERSION postgresql.conf.20191119 postmaster.pid
global pg_hba.conf pg_multixact pg_snapshots pg_tblspc pg_xlog postgresql.conf.bak utlp.sql
vi postgresql.conf
將其中 deadlock_timeout 配置修改為1s
（8）重新加載數(shù)據(jù)庫
bash-4.1$ ./pg_ctl reloadserver signaled
（9）查看該參數(shù)已生效
edb=# show deadlock_timeout;
deadlock_timeout
1s
(1 row)
退出
1edb=# \q
第9步也可通過重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫生效
停止指令：
1./pg_ctl stop -m fast
啟動(dòng)指令：
1./pg_ctl -D /DATA/data_utl start
文章來源：腳本之家
來源地址：https://www.jb51.net/article/204221.htm
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